First, when making a clear distinction between priorities, there can only be one main peak, and the main peak should not be centered, otherwise it will create a rigid and symmetrical mountain pattern that cannot generate momentum, giving a feeling of depression and occlusion. The main peak is also not suitable for living on the edge, and if it is on the edge, it will appear unstable in the center of gravity. Generally, the main peak is preferably located at one-third or two-thirds of the entire length of the mountain stone. "There should be multiple secondary peaks, centered around the main peak, spreading forward, backward, left, and right. They should look at each other and be connected to the main peak, creating a pattern of stars and moons, in order to achieve the artistic effect of distinguishing between the primary and secondary peaks, with guests following the main.". The rear peak should be higher than the front peak, and the height, size, and posture of each peak should be different. Look closely at the overall connection, and each peak has its own posture. No matter the main peak or the secondary peak, the canine teeth should not cross into a sharp angle shape, nor should they be arranged in a pyramid or trapezoidal shape, otherwise it will appear dull and false.

二要繁简得体北方的山水多以雄伟取胜，因而在制作以北方山水为题材的作品时，无论山石的组合，树木的种植，小件的点缀，均要繁简比较合适。江南山水不高不险，以山明水秀见长，因而在制作时就宜简不宜繁，以达到“疏树寒山淡远姿”的神韵。在同一盆作品中，也要有简有繁，“千山多入画，只取一青峰”。三远法结合得较好的作品，“青峰” （高远近山）必定要繁复，甚至连轮廓纹细都要十分精细，而“千山”（平远中的远山、远礁、小岛）造型纹理就应从略从简，色彩也可偏淡，从而显得缥缥缈缈，使前后层次分明，近山参天雄伟，远山透迤如眉。这样繁简结合，意境深远，令人有不尽之意。

Secondly, it is necessary to be simple and appropriate. The landscape in the north is often dominated by grandeur. Therefore, when making works with northern landscape as the theme, it is necessary to be simple and appropriate regardless of the combination of mountains and stones, the planting of trees, and the embellishment of small pieces. The scenery in the south of the Yangtze River is not high or dangerous, and it is known for its beautiful scenery. Therefore, it is appropriate to make it simple rather than complex, in order to achieve the charm of "sparse trees, cold mountains, and distant scenery.". In the same basin of work, there should also be a mixture of simplicity and complexity. "Many mountains are painted, only one peak is selected.". "For a work that combines the three distant methods well, the" Qingfeng "(high and far near the mountain) must be complex, even with very fine contour lines, while the" Qianshan "(distant mountains, distant reefs, and small islands in Pingyuan) modeling texture should be slightly simplified, and the color can also be slightly lighter, making it appear ethereal and indistinct, making the front and rear layers clear, the mountain towering and majestic, and the distant mountains penetrating like eyebrows.". This combination of complexity and simplicity has a profound and inexhaustible artistic conception.

三要虚实结合画面上只有一叶轻舟泛于水面，一渔翁独坐船上垂钓，四周除了寥寥几笔微波，其余均是空白。这样的虚笔更能发人遐思，真是此处无画胜有画。凡水盆景在处理各部之间的关系时，也要有虚有实，疏密有致。在处理某一局部时，也要实中有虚，虚中有实，密中有疏，疏中有密。

The third is to combine reality with reality. In the picture, there is only a leaf boat floating on the water, and a fisherman fishing alone on the boat. Except for a few microwaves, the rest is blank. This kind of virtual brush is even more evocative. It's true that there is no painting here than there is painting. When dealing with the relationship between various parts of water bonsai, it is also necessary to have both reality and emptiness, and to have a certain degree of density. When dealing with a certain part, it is also necessary to have emptiness in reality, real in emptiness, sparse in density, and dense in sparse.

四要露中有藏古人云：“景愈藏则境界愈大；景愈露则境界愈小。”全藏的盆景是没有的，因为全藏等于无景。全露的盆景一览无遗，缺少品位，缺乏内涵美，不能成为上品。所以盆景作品必须要有藏有露，露中有藏，相互作用和影响。

The Tibetan ancients said, "The more hidden the scenery, the greater the realm; the more exposed the scenery, the smaller the realm." There is no bonsai in all Tibet, because all Tibet equals no scenery. The fully exposed bonsai has a panoramic view, lacks taste and connotation beauty, and cannot become a top grade. Therefore, a bonsai work must have hidden dew and hidden dew, interacting and influencing each other.

五要直中求曲制作山水盆景必须要注意线条的曲直变化，如山腰造型时，山腰线要流畅，不能对称，左右要有变化，要一边长，一边短，即一边坡度陡，一边坡度缓，使山的造型产生一个动势。每组线条从不同的角度看来均要自然，不可僵硬刚直。山脚线的造型不能在同一条直线或同一条弧线上，应该要有大弯小曲，有收有放，有开有合，这样才能带来立面布局及水面变化，达到回抱、曲折、含蓄、幽趣的意境。对山石褶皱纹理的加工，线条的曲直变化就要更仔细、更复杂。绝对不能有直线条、大块面或几点连成一直线的现象出现。线条要求有深有浅，有明有暗，有断有续，有宽有窄，有疏有密，有粗有细，有曲有直，直中求曲。

"To create a landscape bonsai, it is necessary to pay attention to the changes in the curvature of the lines. For example, when modeling the mountainside, the mountainside lines should be smooth, not symmetrical, and there should be changes from left to right. One side should be long, and the other side should be short, that is, one side should have a steep slope, and the other side should have a gentle slope, creating a momentum in the shape of the mountain.". Each group of lines should be natural from different angles, and should not be rigid and rigid. The shape of the foot line of a mountain cannot be in the same straight line or arc. It should have large curves and small curves, some closed and some open, so as to bring about changes in the elevation layout and water surface, and achieve an artistic conception of embracing, tortuous, implicit, and interesting. The processing of mountain stone fold texture requires more careful and complex changes in the curvature of the lines. There must be no straight lines, large surfaces, or points connected in a straight line. The lines are required to be deep and shallow, bright and dark, broken and continuous, wide and narrow, sparse and dense, thick and thin, curved and straight, and straight and straight.

六要种植恰当 “石本顽，树活则灵”。山石上有了植物生长才能增加生气，才有高山耸秀、密树笼翠的真实感和靓丽感。使人能欣赏到春枝嫩绿，夏树华盖，秋条红叶，冬林萧疏的四时景色。山石种植要以少胜多，做到树不可繁，要见山之秀丽。

Six, plant the appropriate "stone is stubborn, the tree is alive, it is spiritual.". Only when plants grow on the rocks can they increase their vitality, and only then can they have the realistic and beautiful feeling of towering mountains and dense trees. It enables people to enjoy the four seasonal scenery of tender green branches in spring, covered with summer trees, red leaves in autumn, and sparse winter forests. To plant mountains and stones, it is necessary to use fewer trees to outweigh more, so that trees cannot be multiplied, and the beauty of the mountains must be seen.

七要配件得法 在山水盆景中安置配件，并不是越多越好，更不可随意乱放，而是要完全服从盆景艺术构图布局和意境创造的需要。适当地安置两三件，既要做到互相衬托，互相联系，又要考虑是否符合生活的真实，要使艺术性与真实感有机地结合起来。如古人在《山水诀》中云：“回抱处僧舍可安，水陆边人家可置。”同样道理，宝塔置在次峰上，凉亭安在半山腰，小桥架在溪沟间，栈道修在山口上，茅屋隐在丛林后，垂钓布在浅水区，渡泊摆在坡滩处，水榭放在山脚临水边，水阔处安风帆，水狭处置竹筏等等。配件还要与作品的主题紧密联系，和地域风格要保持一致。

Proper placement of accessories in landscape bonsai does not mean that the more the better, let alone random placement. Rather, it is necessary to fully comply with the needs of artistic composition and artistic conception creation of bonsai. Properly placing two or three pieces requires not only setting off and connecting with each other, but also considering whether they conform to the reality of life, and organically combining artistry and realism. As the ancients said in "The Secret of Mountains and Rivers", "A monk's cottage can be placed at the place where you hug him, and a house can be placed at the edge of water and land." In the same way, the pagoda is placed on the second peak, the arbor is placed halfway up the mountain, the small bridge is built between the streams and ditches, the plank path is built on the mountain pass, the hut is hidden behind the jungle, the fishing cloth is placed in the shallow water area, the ferry berth is placed on the slope beach, the waterside pavilion is placed at the foot of the mountain facing the water, the water is wide, and the wind sails are installed, and the narrow water is used to dispose of bamboo rafts. Accessories should also be closely related to the theme of the work and consistent with the regional style.

更多的关于庭院景观设计问题或者详细的内容，请进入我们公司的网站：http://www.sdjnjingguan.com网站中会有很多的内容仅供参考。

For more information on courtyard landscape design issues or detailed content, please visit our company's website: http://www.sdjnjingguan.com There will be a lot of content on the website for reference only.